Most Important Science: Know Your Self

Assalamu'alaykum, O audiences from East to West! O servant of God's heavenly, Huuu ... .., Assalamu'alaykum. Greetings were given the honor for you. Always asking for honor, not honor worldly but heavenly honor. Do you pursue a false honor. That is not true life. True life will be in Heaven. Heaven is a day that is best for each believer and honor the best.

But those who do not ask for true life and honor, then they will lose the opportunity here and in the hereafter. Be thankful to God who has blessed us to be able to perform Friday prayers and remembrance and sat down to listen to something that might be asbab to honor for our future. Since the day we dilahiran, every day you get older, parents, and parents and what is written for us in this life, when our life ends? It means our life is finished, and we must go.

O people all over the east and west, my audience! You may hear or leave, but all this for you. Anyone who hear and heed and give respect for what they hear, and want to follow the orders of the holy God of heaven, they will have the honor of the heavenly.

God created mahlukNya since the pre-eternal up to the time of eternity. He not only created one world, but infinite! If you use a calculator, you will not be able to achieve it. One time the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: The angel Gabriel took the place of the most noble person and I want to be like that person.

O people nothing can exceed the glory of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) (Mevlana standing and sitting). And there akau saw a bird with the angel Gabriel and said, "See it is Junuud God, God's army, which is not possible can you see, or you have achieved, from beginning to end."

And the soldier was passing them by hand to pull the horse. But not as we know horses, but horses heavenly angels, which passed like a flash, Huu Huu huuu and they gave greetings to the Prophet (PBUH) and Prophet (PBUH) asked, who are they? The angel Gabriel said that it was one division of the army of God, and I have seen them since my birth until now, they never expire. And that is God's holy verse: "wa ma lam ya junuudika ila ila" Huuuuuuu ... ...

All of this is the army of God, God's heavenly army, no one knows the beginning and end. No one knows their number and how its creation, because it will continue since the pre-eternal up to eternal, never stops. Now we are in it, but we are negligent and stupid, we never noticed, never heard, or obedient to God's holy commandments. If we become an obedient servant to the Creator, then we will be blessed with something she had never known before.

O people, do not follow and see the people in this world, they are people who are drunk. This fake world that makes people become drunk. They are not drunk to understand something, but it is not wise to understand and they never lose their opportunity to promise that God Almighty gave to man, namely to achieve eternal life.

O people, come and accept an invitation for you eternally in heaven, in the Divine Presence. But behold, Satan makes people drunk. When they are drunk, they do not understand anything and they go do not want to receive the heavenly counsel. What the devil are teaching, not the actual reality. Subjects devil is the cause for various problems in the east and west. If people can understand to what they were created, and what will happen at the end of their lives, then they would not be caught in a trap of Satan.

Some holy men say that man is always asking for more science, science and science for them more aware. O people the first time you have to learn yourself, who am I? Leave other science first. Do you know who you are? Learn who you are, then ask the other sciences. This is the foundation, you should know before your identity. Without mengathaui who you are, why should you pursue other sciences? For what?

Who are you? I am this, and that example. Is that all you know about yourself, about your identity? You do not know about yourself, why do you ask to know the sky highway? Why do you want to know about the sun, moon, Jupiter, Venus? Why do you chase it all? What is the benefit to you if you know about it, while you do not know about who you own?

May Allah forgive us, Penance yaa Rabbii, astaghfirullah, man jahi alayhi bi indak sirr al Fatiha.

Wa min Allah at Tawfiq
Mawlana Syaikh Nazim Adil al-Haqqani qs
Kutbah Friday, 24 September 2010 Lefke

Sosrobahu

Sosrobahu is a construction technique which allows long stretches of flyovers to be constructed above existing main roads with a minimum of disruption to traffic. The technique was designed by Tjokorda Raka Sukawati and involves the construction of the horizontal supports for the highway beside the existing road, which are then lifted and turned 90 degrees before being placed on top of the vertical supports to form the flyover pylons.

This technique is of considerable value in increasing road mileage in large cities where there is restricted space for new roads and where the closure of existing roads for the length of time to build a flyover using normal construction techniques would impose significant economic costs.

By the 1980s, Jakarta was experiencing increased traffic congestion, and flyovers were seen as one solution to the improving transport infrastructure. One construction company operating at that time was PT Hutama Karya, which was granted a contract to build a highway above bypass A Yani, an extremely important stretch of highway where it was vital that the road would continue to be open to traffic throughout the period of construction.

In addition to this challenge, PT Hutama Karya were also granted a contract to build a flyover between Cawang and Tanjung Priok in 1987. The most difficult issue was the requirement to support the road with a row of concrete pylons (pier shafts) 30 m apart, on top of which would sit the 22 m wide road supports. The vertical pier shafts were to be sextagonal in shape with a diameter of 4 m, and were to sit in the central lane of the existing road. The erection of the pier shafts was not difficult; what caused problems were the poured concrete pier heads. With conventional construction techniques, the pier heads would be moved into place with the help of iron supports beneath the outspread pier heads, but the use of iron supports would necessitate the closure of the road below. Another option was to support the pier heads from above, but this increased the costs of the project.

In response to these problems, Sukawati had the idea of initially erecting the concrete pier shafts and then building the poured concrete pier heads in the centre lane, parallel to the existing roadway, and then raising and turning the pier heads 90 degrees into place. The only problem with this idea was that the pier heads weigh approximately 480 tonnes each.

One day Tjokorda was working on his 1974 Mercedes-Benz, which he had jacked up so that the back two wheels were supported on the slippery floor of the garage where some oil had been accidentally spilled. When the car was pushed, it pivoted with the jack as the axis. He noted that it is a principle of physics that when friction is banished it is easy to move even the heaviest of objects.

This event inspired the realization that a hydraulic pump could be used to lift heavy objects and, as long as they were supported by something slippery, the heavy objects could be easily moved. Tjokorda's goal was to lift and move concrete pier heads each weighing 480 tonnes.

Tjokorda conducted trials with cylinders 20 cm in diameter converted into a hydraulic lift and loaded with 80 tonnes of concrete. The weight was successfully lifted and turned slightly, but could not then be lowered as the position of the hydraulic jack had shifted. Tjokorda then made some improvements on the original design, and in subsequent lifts the hydraulic jack stayed stable even with the full weight of the concrete above it.

Other problems to be overcome included establishing the best type of oil to use that wouldn't lose its viscosity. The type of oil was a critical factor because it was the oil which transmitted the force required to lift the heavy concrete pier heads.

After the trials, Tjokorda finalised his design called the LBPH (the Indonesian acronym for Free Moving Platform) which consisted of a two concrete discs with a diameter of 80 cm enclosed in a container. Although only 5 cm thick, the discs are capable of supporting a weight of 625 tonnes each.

Between the two plates is pumped lubricating oil. A rubber seal around the edges of the plates protected against the oil escaping under the high forces experienced during the lift. The oil in the container was connected to a hydraulic pump through a small pipe. This hydraulic system was capable of lifting loads using a pressure of 78 kgf/cm² (7.6 MPa, although the reasons for this were a mystery to Tjokorda at that time.

The new technique had not yet been trialled because of time constraints, however Tjokorda was certain that it would work and was willing to bear the responsibility should the concrete pier heads not be able to be turned 90 degrees as required for the construction of the flyover.

On the 27 July 1988 at 22:00 Jakarta time, the hydraulic pump was pressurized to 78 kgf/cm² (7.6 MPa). The pier head, despite lack of iron supports, was lifted and placed on top of the pier shaft and then with a light push was turned 90 degrees into its final position. The oil was then slowly pumped out and the pier head was lowered onto the shaft. The LPBH system was then shut down as it required heavy machinery to move it. Because he was worried that the single pier shaft and head might shift for a lack of support, he propped them up with eight concrete supports, 3.6 m in diameter. The LPBH was then used to raise the other pier heads over their respective shafts.

In November 1989, President Soeharto of Indonesia gave the name Sosrobahu to the new technology. The name was taken from a character in the Mahabharata, and derives from Old Javanese for thousand (sosro) shoulders (bahu).

Tjokorda's invention was used by US engineers in the construction of a bridge in Seattle. They placed the oil under a pressure of 78 kg/cm² (7.6 MPa) as per Tjokorda's original theories. Tjokorda himself wanted to investigate further the limits of his invention and built himself a laboratory where he successfully tested the LPBH to a limit of 78.05 kgf/cm² (7.654 MPa).

Patents have been granted for the invention from Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, and the Philippines, and has been applied for in South Korea. The Indonesian patent was granted in 1995, while the Japanese patient was granted in 1992. The technology has been exported to the Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore. The longest stretch of overpass built using this technique is in Metro Manila, Philippines at the Villamor/Bicutan link located at the southern part of the metropolis. In the Philippines, 298 supports have been erected, while in Kuala Lumpur, the figure is 135. When the technology was introduced to the Philippines, the President of the Philippines, Fidel Ramos commented: "This is an Indonesian invention, but is also an ASEAN invention".

A second version of the technology has been developed. Whereas the first version used a steel anchor inserted in a concrete base, the second version uses a single plate with a hole in the middle which is not only simpler, but also significantly speeds up the time it takes to erect a pylon from 2 days to 45 minutes. It is expected that the lifespan of flyovers constructed using the Sosrobahu method will be approximately 100 years.

According to Dr Drajat Hoedajanto, an expert from the Bandung Institute of Technology, Sosrobahu is a very simple solution to the problem of erecting flyover pylons and is suitable for use in the construction of elevated toll roads which have traffic running underneath them. Sosrobahu is clearly a useful and versatile technology.

Sources

"Sosrobahu Bertumpu di Atas Piring", Gatra Magazine, 21 August 2004; in Indonesian, requests payment